Background: Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) is a treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, patients with reduced liver function receive lower SBRT doses due to the risk of radiation-induced liver damage. Current SBRT planning does not account for spatial variations in liver function, which can be significant due to cirrhosis or prior liver-directed treatments. Retrospective studies indicate that using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could facilitate high-functioning liver sparing. However, reliable quantitative imaging measurements of liver function and the threshold dose for high-functioning liver are needed.
The Personalised liver SBRT using magnetic resonance imaging (PRISM) clinical trial is a prospective study investigating the feasibility of using MRI to optimise liver SBRT treatment to minimise dose to high-functioning regions of the liver, while sacrificing low-functioning liver to maximise dose to the tumour.
Aims: The PRISM trial will a) identify regions of high liver function using MRI and b) demonstrate optimised SBRT treatment planning guided by liver function maps.
Methods: Thirty participants undergoing liver SBRT will be recruited to undergo pre- and 3-month post-treatment MRI at 3T, and an optional mid-treatment scan for liver function mapping. Each time-point will include a 99mTc-Mebrofenin single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan for comparative liver function measurements. The dose-response relationship between radiation dose and liver function from MRI will be established to determine the threshold dose for high-functioning liver. A volunteer study is included to optimise MRI protocols and develop image processing pipelines.
Results: The study has received ethics approval (WSLHD-HREC: 2022/ETH00203). An MRI protocol has been optimised for quantitative measurement of liver fibrosis, perfusion and hepatocellular function. The study has received funding and has commenced participant recruitment.
Conclusions: The PRISM clinical trial will prospectively demonstrate optimisation of liver SBRT planning using MRI, enabling personalised treatment for patients with HCC.